See vynegre in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "binegā",
"word": "ビネガー"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "binegeo",
"word": "비네거"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "vinegar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "veenegar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "vinakir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "veenegar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "winakar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "finegr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "vinegyr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fro:vinaigre"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"wine\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*weh₁y-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wéyh₁ō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*wīnom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"vīnum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"vin\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"sour\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"sharp\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"sharp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂eḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-rós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂eḱrós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*akris\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Classical Latin\", \"term\" : \"ācer\", \"lang\" : \"la-cla\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"ācrus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"aigre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"vinaigre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"vynegre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"vynegre\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vinaigre"
},
"expansion": "Old French vinaigre",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "vin",
"3": "aigre",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "wine",
"t2": "sour"
},
"expansion": "vin (“wine”) + aigre (“sour”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wyn",
"3": "egre"
},
"expansion": "wyn + egre",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1325"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1325",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French vinaigre, from vin (“wine”) + aigre (“sour”), though sometimes interpreted as a compound of wyn + egre. First attested in c. 1325.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "venegre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vinakyr",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vineger",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vinegir",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vinegre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vynagre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vynegar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vyneger",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vynegure",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyne-egre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyneger",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wynegre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wynyger",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vineheger",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"East-Anglia"
]
},
{
"form": "vinheger",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"East-Anglia"
]
},
{
"form": "fynegre",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "vynacre",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ireland"
]
},
{
"form": "vinager",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vinagir",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wynagre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venegre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venegur",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venygger",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "wenigger",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "venegyr",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venikar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venykar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vin agre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vyne egre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wynnakir",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "vynegre",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "vynegre (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Condiments",
"orig": "enm:Condiments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "enm:Cooking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Organic compounds",
"orig": "enm:Organic compounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Wine",
"orig": "enm:Wine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vinegar, (especially wine vinegar; often used in cooking and medicine)."
],
"id": "en-vynegre-enm-noun-2gG4ypro",
"links": [
[
"vinegar",
"vinegar"
],
[
"wine",
"wine#English"
],
[
"vinegar",
"vinegar#English"
],
[
"cooking",
"cooking#English"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vinˈɛːɡər/"
},
{
"ipa": "/vinˈɛːɡrə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvinɛɡər/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvinɛɡrə/",
"note": "with stress shift"
}
],
"word": "vynegre"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "binegā",
"word": "ビネガー"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "binegeo",
"word": "비네거"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "vinegar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "veenegar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "vinakir"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "veenegar"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "winakar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "finegr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "vinegyr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fro:vinaigre"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"wine\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*weh₁y-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wéyh₁ō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*wīnom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"vīnum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"vin\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"sour\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"sharp\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"sharp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂eḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-rós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂eḱrós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*akris\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Classical Latin\", \"term\" : \"ācer\", \"lang\" : \"la-cla\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"ācrus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"aigre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"vinaigre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"vynegre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"vynegre\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vinaigre"
},
"expansion": "Old French vinaigre",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "vin",
"3": "aigre",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "wine",
"t2": "sour"
},
"expansion": "vin (“wine”) + aigre (“sour”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wyn",
"3": "egre"
},
"expansion": "wyn + egre",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1325"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1325",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French vinaigre, from vin (“wine”) + aigre (“sour”), though sometimes interpreted as a compound of wyn + egre. First attested in c. 1325.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "venegre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vinakyr",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vineger",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vinegir",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vinegre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vynagre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vynegar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vyneger",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vynegure",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyne-egre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyneger",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wynegre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wynyger",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vineheger",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"East-Anglia"
]
},
{
"form": "vinheger",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"East-Anglia"
]
},
{
"form": "fynegre",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "vynacre",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ireland"
]
},
{
"form": "vinager",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vinagir",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wynagre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venegre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venegur",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venygger",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "wenigger",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "venegyr",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venikar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "venykar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vin agre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "vyne egre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wynnakir",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "vynegre",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "vynegre (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English compound terms",
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Classical Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Late Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱ-",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weh₁y-",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *wéyh₁ō",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"enm:Condiments",
"enm:Cooking",
"enm:Medicine",
"enm:Organic compounds",
"enm:Wine"
],
"glosses": [
"vinegar, (especially wine vinegar; often used in cooking and medicine)."
],
"links": [
[
"vinegar",
"vinegar"
],
[
"wine",
"wine#English"
],
[
"vinegar",
"vinegar#English"
],
[
"cooking",
"cooking#English"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vinˈɛːɡər/"
},
{
"ipa": "/vinˈɛːɡrə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvinɛɡər/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvinɛɡrə/",
"note": "with stress shift"
}
],
"word": "vynegre"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vynegre meaning in Middle English (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.